The Utilization of Abandoned Land from the Perspective of Sustainable Land Management: An Analysis of Indonesian Agrarian Law
Keywords:
Abandoned Land, Sustainable Land Management, Agrarian Law, Land Bank Agency, Social Function of Land RightsAbstract
Land carries a social function under Article 6 of Law No. 5 of 1960, yet abandoned land remains widespread in Indonesia, prompting the enactment of Government Regulation No. 48 of 2025 on the Regulation of Abandoned Areas and Land. Existing studies on abandoned land and the Land Bank Agency mainly address agrarian reform, institutional discretion, and land grabbing risk, while limited attention has been given to long term productivity and environmental sustainability. This study aims to assess the extent to which the regulatory framework for abandoned land utilization aligns with the principles of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) and the social function of land rights. It employs a normative legal method using a statute approach, analyzing Law No. 5 of 1960 and Government Regulation No. 48 of 2025 alongside related regulations on State General Reserve Land, agrarian reform, and the Land Bank Agency. The findings indicate that the regulation strengthens the land administration pillar through accelerated status determination and clearer utilization channels, but leaves the land policy and information infrastructure pillars underdeveloped, lacking measurable sustainability indicators. This reveals a normative gap between administrative acceleration and substantive SLM outcomes, extending abandoned land discourse toward the sustainability of its utilization.
References
Alimuddin, N. H., Widowati, D. A., Mayasari, R. E., Febrisari, R., & Jusafri. (2024). Indonesia’s Land Bank Authority: Aligning with Agrarian Law or Facilitating Land Grabbing? Law Legal Reform, 5(4), 1609–1644. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v5i4.14472
Amasta, A. W., & Paulus, R. S. (2024). Penerapan Asas Fungsi Sosial Hak Atas Tanah Dalam Putusan Nomor 28/G/PU/2019/PTUN.PBR. The Juris, 8VIII(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.56301/juris.v8i1.1187
Andea, V. M. (2026). Utilization of Abandoned Land under Government Regulation Number 48 of 2025 and Its Implications for Agrarian Reform. IndonesianJournal of Agrarian Law, 3(1), 379–428. https://doi.org/10.15294/jal.v3i1.44463
Bah, I., & Dossa, K. F. (2025). Land Governance in French-Speaking Africa : Comparative Analysis of Legal and Institutional Reforms for Sustainable Management of Community Lands. Land 2025, 14(2), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14020276
Benuf, K., Azhar, M., Badan, S., Hukum, K., Hukum, F., Diponegoro, U., Hukum, P., & Kontemporer, M. (2020). Metodologi Penelitian Hukum sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer. Jurnal Gema Keadilan, 7(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.7.1.20-33
Berenschot, W., & Loughlin, N. (2025). States and Corporate Land Acquisition: Comparing Regimes of Dispossession across The Global South. Globalizations, 22(8), 1347–1360. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2025.2555139
Burns, A. F., Rajabifard, A., & Shojaei, D. (2023). Undertaking Land Administration Reform : Is There a Better Way ? Land Use Policy, 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106824
Byrne, D. O., Mechiche-alami, A., Tengberg, A., & Olsson, L. (2022). The Social Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Great Green Wall Countries : An Evaluative Framework Based on the Capability Approach The Social Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Great Green Wall Countries : An Evaluative Framework Based on t. Land, 11(3), 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030352
Creswell, J. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Enemark, S. (2004). Building Land Information Policies. UN, FIG, PC IDEA Inter-regional Special Forum on The Building of Land Information Policies in the Americas. http://www.fig.net/pub/mexico/papers_eng/ts2_enemark_eng.pdf
Eugene, U., Paradza, G., Vonkie, R., & Klaus, M. (2024). Current Research and Opinion on Land Governance for Societal Development in and on The Global South. Land Use Policy, 141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107112
FAO. (2022). The State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture – Systems at breaking point. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9910en
Firdaus, M. B. (2025). Dialektika Keadilan, Kepastian, Kemanfaatan Hukum dalam Perspektif Gustav Radbruch pada Hukum Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik, 3(1), 357–367. https://doi.org/10.62379/qy4b6z80
Haregeweyn, N., Tsunekawa, A., Tsubo, M., Fenta, A. A., Ebabu, K., Vanmaercke, M., Borrelli, P., Panagos, P., Berihun, M. L., Langendoen, E. J., Nigussie, Z., Setargie, T. A., Maurice, B. N., Minichil, T., Elias, A., Sun, J., & Poesen, J. (2022). Progress and challenges in sustainable land management initiatives: A global review. Science of the Total Environment, 858(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160027
Home, R. (2022). New Directions in Land Reform : An Editorial Overview. Land, 11(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020160
Ishaq. (2017). Metode Penelitian Hukum dan Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, serta Disertasi. Alfabeta.
Krismantoro, D. (2024). Exploring Agrarian Reform Laws in Indonesia. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8), 8894–8901. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5504
Mahfud, M. A., Djohan, N. H., & Malik, M. F. (2024). Land Bank in Indonesia: Disoriented Authority, Overlapping Regulations and Injustice. Jambura Law Review, 6(2), 240–263. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v6i2.24166
Marzuki, P. M. (2008). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum. Kencana.
Nazir, M. (2014). Metode Penelitian (Cetakan 9). Ghalia Indonesia.
Ndugwa, R. P., & Omusula, C. K. (2025). Institutional Frameworks, Policies, and Land Data: Insights from Monitoring Land Governance and Tenure Security in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals in Kenya , Rwanda , Uganda , and Zambia. Land, 14(5), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14050960
Negara, T. A. S. (2023). Normative Legal Research in Indonesia : Its Origins and Approaches. Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ), 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v4i1.24855
O’Byrne, D., Mechiche-Alami, A., Tengberg, A., & Olsson, L. (2022). The Social Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Great Green Wall Countries: An Evaluative Framework Based on the Capability Approach. Land, 11(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030352
Pramusinto. (2026). Tertib Penggunaan dan Pemanfaatan Tanah. Webinar Nasional PPTR Series Episode 225.
Prasista, P. A. D., Wijaya, K. K. A., & Suryani, L. P. (2022). Pengaturan Tanah Terlantar dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Bidang Pertanahan. Konstruksi Hukum, 3(3), 515–520. https://doi.org/10.55637/jkh.3.3.5320.515-520
Putri, F. A. J., & Ehsonov, J. R. (2024). The Impact of Land Reform Policies on the Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in Local Communities. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 4(2), 510–537. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v4i2.197
Rizqi, N., Sari, K. N., & Hutajulu, O. B. P. (2026). Studi Penertiban Tanah Telantar di Indonesia: Analisa Kebijakan Akselerasi dan Administratif terhadap Relevansi Revisi PP 48/2025. Eksekusi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara, 4(2), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.55606/eksekusi.v4i2.2348
Saputra, C. D. (2022). Strategi Pemanfaatan Lahan Tidak Produktif untuk Pencapaian Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Citra. Jurnal Thengkyang, 7(2), 89–95.
Satrianty, A., & Maulisa, N. (2024). Peran Badan Bank Tanah Sebagai Land Manager Dikaitkan Dengan Fungsi Sosial Atas Tanah. Unes Journal of Swara Justisia, 8(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v8i1.474
Shiba, W., Lungwana, M., Abutaleb, K., Mamabolo, M., Mboweni, T. J., Zantsi, S., Matli, M. W., Mdwebi, P., Madyo, S., & Kubeka, P. (2025). How Has South Africa’s Land Reform Policy Performed from 1994 to 2024? Insights from a Review of Literature. Land, 14(12), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14122443
Siswoyo, & Imran. (2022). Analisis Fungsi Perolehan Tanah oleh Bank Tanah ditinjau dari Hak Menguasai Negara Analysis. Jurnal Pertanahan, 12(2), 164–177. https://doi.org/10.53686/jp.v12i2.184
Subekti, R., Budyatmojo, W., & Raharjo, P. S. (2019). Perencanaan dan Pemanfaatan Ruang Berkeadilan untuk Mengantisipasi Alih Fungsi Tanah Pertanian. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 3(2), 234–245. https://doi.org/10.24970/jbhl.v3n2.17
Sugoto, H. A., Maarif, M. S., Mulyanto, B., & Harianto. (2024). Optimalisasi Peran Pemerintah Melalui Badan Bank Tanah Sebagai Land Manager Negara Dalam Pengelolaan Penyediaan Tanah Bagi Kepentingan Pembangunan. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 10(1), 275–287. https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.10.1.275
Sulistyo, L. (2025). Setahun Menteri Nusron: 96 Persen Penertiban Tanah Telantar Dialokasikan untuk Reforma Agraria. Kementerian ATR/BPN. https://www.atrbpn.go.id/berita/setahun-menteri-nusron-96-persen-penertiban-tanah-telantar-dialokasikan-untuk-reforma-agraria
Tenrisau, A. (2021). Landasan Pengelolaan Pertanahan dalam Sistem Penataan Agraria Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pertanahan, 11(2), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.53686/jp.v11i2.109
Utami, L. P. J., & Cahyaningtyas, I. (2021). Penertiban dan Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar (Studi Di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Gianyar). NOTARIUS, 14(1), 566–580. https://doi.org/10.14710/nts.v14i1.39134
Wiraguna, S. A. (2024). Metode Normatif dan Empiris dalam Penelitian Hukum: Studi Eksploratif di Indonesia. Jurnal Public Sphare, 3(3), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.59818/jps.v3i3.1390
Xu, Y. (2018). Political Economy of Land Grabbing Inside China Involving Foreign Investors. Third World Quarterly, 39(11), 2069–2084. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2018.1447372
Zhan, J. (2023). The Sustainable Management of Land Systems. Front. Sustain. Resour. Manag., 2, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsrma.2023.1240771
Zhou, C., Liang, Y., & Fuller, A. (2021). Tracing Agricultural Land Transfer in China: Some Legal and. Land, 10(58), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010058
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulia Tasyafa Audry, Rina Nur Octavia, S.H., Dr. Aliza Abu Hassim (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and acknowledge that the Sustainable Future Reports is the first publisher licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work.
